Witnesses in the CES Letter - Revision history

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	{{endnotes sources}}		{{endnotes sources}}

	~~==References==~~
	~~{{Reflist}}~~

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	The CES Letter lists several concerns about the nature of the witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Below are links to various FAIR resources and other resources responding to each concern.		The CES Letter lists several concerns about the nature of the witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Below are links to various FAIR resources and other resources responding to each concern.

	===Intro content===		==Intro content==
	''CES Letter: "Joseph did not use the gold plates for translating the Book of Mormon."''		''CES Letter: "Joseph did not use the gold plates for translating the Book of Mormon."''

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	This critique is covered in [[Book of Mormon Translation in the CES Letter]].		This critique is covered in [[Book of Mormon Translation in the CES Letter]].

	===Magical Worldview===		==Magical Worldview==
	''CES Letter: "These are people who believed in folk magic, divining rods, visions, second sight, peep stones in hats, treasure hunting (money digging or glass looking), and so on."''		''CES Letter: "These are people who believed in folk magic, divining rods, visions, second sight, peep stones in hats, treasure hunting (money digging or glass looking), and so on."''

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	*Eric A. Eliason, [https://byustudies.byu.edu/article/seer-stones-salamanders-and-early-mormon-folk-magic-in-the-light-of-folklore-studies-and-bible-scholarship/ "Seer Stones, Salamanders, and Early Mormon “Folk Magic” in the Light of Folklore Studies and Bible Scholarship,"] ''BYU Studies Quarterly 55, no. 1.		*Eric A. Eliason, [https://byustudies.byu.edu/article/seer-stones-salamanders-and-early-mormon-folk-magic-in-the-light-of-folklore-studies-and-bible-scholarship/ "Seer Stones, Salamanders, and Early Mormon “Folk Magic” in the Light of Folklore Studies and Bible Scholarship,"] ''BYU Studies Quarterly 55, no. 1.

	===Witnesses===		==Witnesses==
	''CES Letter: "With inconsistencies, a conflict of interest, magical thinking, and superstition like this, exactly what credibility does Martin Harris [and the other witnesses] have and why should I believe him?"''		''CES Letter: "With inconsistencies, a conflict of interest, magical thinking, and superstition like this, exactly what credibility does Martin Harris [and the other witnesses] have and why should I believe him?"''

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	*Steven C. Harper, [https://rsc.byu.edu/coming-forth-book-mormon/eleven-witnesses “The Eleven Witnesses,”] in ''The Coming Forth of the Book of Mormon: A Marvelous Work and a Wonder'', edited by Dennis L. Largey, Andrew H. Hedges, John Hilton III, and Kerry Hull (Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center; Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2015), 117–32.		*Steven C. Harper, [https://rsc.byu.edu/coming-forth-book-mormon/eleven-witnesses “The Eleven Witnesses,”] in ''The Coming Forth of the Book of Mormon: A Marvelous Work and a Wonder'', edited by Dennis L. Largey, Andrew H. Hedges, John Hilton III, and Kerry Hull (Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center; Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2015), 117–32.

	===Second Sight: Visions===		==Second Sight: Visions==
	See the resources listed above under [[#Witnesses\|Witnesses]] for answers to the questions in this section of the letter about second sight.		See the resources listed above under [[#Witnesses\|Witnesses]] for answers to the questions in this section of the letter about second sight.

	===Second Sight: James Strang and the Voree Plates===		==Second Sight: James Strang and the Voree Plates==
	''CES Letter: "What does this say about the credibility of the Book of Mormon witnesses if they were so easily duped by James Strang and his claims of being a prophet called of God to bring forth new scripture from ancient plates only to later turn out to be a fraud?"''		''CES Letter: "What does this say about the credibility of the Book of Mormon witnesses if they were so easily duped by James Strang and his claims of being a prophet called of God to bring forth new scripture from ancient plates only to later turn out to be a fraud?"''

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	*[https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/02/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-50 Part 50: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section F)]		*[https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/02/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-50 Part 50: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section F)]

	===No Document of Actual Signatures===		==No Document of Actual Signatures==
	''CES Letter: "From a legal perspective, the statements of the testimonies of the Three and Eight witnesses hold no credibility or weight in a court of law as there are a) no signatures of any of the witnesses except Oliver, b) no specific dates, c) no specific locations, and d) some of the witnesses made statements after the fact that contradict and cast doubt on the specific claims made in the statements contained in the preface of the Book of Mormon."''		''CES Letter: "From a legal perspective, the statements of the testimonies of the Three and Eight witnesses hold no credibility or weight in a court of law as there are a) no signatures of any of the witnesses except Oliver, b) no specific dates, c) no specific locations, and d) some of the witnesses made statements after the fact that contradict and cast doubt on the specific claims made in the statements contained in the preface of the Book of Mormon."''

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	This claim is primarily addressed above under [[#Witnesses\|Witnesses]]. For a specific rebuttal to the CES Letter about the document issue, see [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/09/30890 Part 51: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section G)].		This claim is primarily addressed above under [[#Witnesses\|Witnesses]]. For a specific rebuttal to the CES Letter about the document issue, see [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/09/30890 Part 51: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section G)].

	===Conclusion===		==Conclusion==
	This section of the letter largely repeats criticisms from earlier sections, so the claims are primarily addressed in the resources above. For a specific rebuttal to this section, see:		This section of the letter largely repeats criticisms from earlier sections, so the claims are primarily addressed in the resources above. For a specific rebuttal to this section, see:
	*Sarah Allen, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/10/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-52 "The CES Letter Rebuttal — Part 52,"] FAIR blog, 10 March 2022.		*Sarah Allen, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/10/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-52 "The CES Letter Rebuttal — Part 52,"] FAIR blog, 10 March 2022.
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	{{endnotes sources}}		{{endnotes sources}}

			==References==
			{{Reflist}}

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{{Main Page}}
{{Navigation CES Letter}}

{{Header}}

The CES Letter lists several concerns about the nature of the witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Below are links to various FAIR resources and other resources responding to each concern.

===Intro content===
''CES Letter: "Joseph did not use the gold plates for translating the Book of Mormon."''

'''Answer:''' The gold plates were essential to Joseph Smith's work of bringing forth the Book of Mormon.

This critique is covered in [[Book of Mormon Translation in the CES Letter]].

===Magical Worldview===
''CES Letter: "These are people who believed in folk magic, divining rods, visions, second sight, peep stones in hats, treasure hunting (money digging or glass looking), and so on."''

'''Answer:''' "Complex definitions distinguishing 'magical” from 'modern' thinking rarely amount to more than 'What ''you'' do is superstition, while what ''I'' do is science or true religion.'"<ref>Eric A. Eliason, [https://byustudies.byu.edu/article/seer-stones-salamanders-and-early-mormon-folk-magic-in-the-light-of-folklore-studies-and-bible-scholarship/ "Seer Stones, Salamanders, and Early Mormon “Folk Magic” in the Light of Folklore Studies and Bible Scholarship,"] ''BYU Studies Quarterly 55, no. 1.</ref>

For more information:
*[[Joseph Smith and folk magic or the occult]]
*[https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/01/28/45 "Part 45: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section A)]
*[[Oliver Cowdery and the "rod of nature"]]
*Oliver Mullins, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2015/08/07/joseph-smith-and-magic "Joseph Smith and Magic,"] FAIR blog, 7 August 2015.
*Eric A. Eliason, [https://byustudies.byu.edu/article/seer-stones-salamanders-and-early-mormon-folk-magic-in-the-light-of-folklore-studies-and-bible-scholarship/ "Seer Stones, Salamanders, and Early Mormon “Folk Magic” in the Light of Folklore Studies and Bible Scholarship,"] ''BYU Studies Quarterly 55, no. 1.

===Witnesses===
''CES Letter: "With inconsistencies, a conflict of interest, magical thinking, and superstition like this, exactly what credibility does Martin Harris [and the other witnesses] have and why should I believe him?"''

'''Answer:''' "Martin Harris and the other witnesses have a great deal of credibility. . . . Just because the witnesses lived in a different day and age than we do, and just because they may have believed in things like divining rods and seer stones, does not make them unreliable. Their stories did not change throughout their entire lives, despite all of them leaving the Church and turning bitterly against Joseph at one time or another."<ref>Sarah Allen, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/02/02/46 "The CES Letter Rebuttal — Part 46,"] FAIR blog, 2 February 2022.</ref>

For more information:
*[[Eleven official witnesses to the Book of Mormon]]
*[[The witness of Martin Harris]]
*[[The witness of David Whitmer]]
*[[The witness of Oliver Cowdery]]
*[https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/02/02/46 Part 46: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section B)]
*[https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/02/04/47 Part 47: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section C)]
*[https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/02/16/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-48 Part 48: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section D)]
*[https://witnessesofthebookofmormon.org/ WitnessesOfTheBookOfMormon.org]
*Daniel C. Peterson, [https://journal.interpreterfoundation.org/variety-and-complexity-in-the-witnesses-to-the-book-of-mormon/ "Variety and Complexity in the Witnesses to the Book of Mormon,"] ''Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship'' 43 (2021).
*Richard Lloyd Anderson, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/conference/august-2004/explaining-away-the-book-of-mormon-witnesses "Explaining Away the Book of Mormon Witnesses,"] 2004 FairMormon Conference.
*Steven C. Harper, [https://rsc.byu.edu/coming-forth-book-mormon/eleven-witnesses “The Eleven Witnesses,”] in ''The Coming Forth of the Book of Mormon: A Marvelous Work and a Wonder'', edited by Dennis L. Largey, Andrew H. Hedges, John Hilton III, and Kerry Hull (Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center; Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2015), 117–32.

===Second Sight: Visions===
See the resources listed above under [[#Witnesses|Witnesses]] for answers to the questions in this section of the letter about second sight.

===Second Sight: James Strang and the Voree Plates===
''CES Letter: "What does this say about the credibility of the Book of Mormon witnesses if they were so easily duped by James Strang and his claims of being a prophet called of God to bring forth new scripture from ancient plates only to later turn out to be a fraud?"''

'''Answer:''' "I haven't seen any evidence that any of the witnesses ''were'' duped by James Strang other than Martin, and as shown, that was only for a few months and Martin apparently denied being affiliated with Strang in the midst of it. Jeremy didn’t provide any other evidence to support his claims—likely because there isn’t much that exists beyond Strang’s own insistence that they were his followers."<ref>Sarah Allen, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/02/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-50 "The CES Letter Rebuttal — Part 50,"] FAIR blog, 2 March 2022.</ref>

For more information:
*[[James Strang movement]]
*[https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/02/24/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-49 Part 49: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section E)]
*[https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/02/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-50 Part 50: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section F)]

===No Document of Actual Signatures===
''CES Letter: "From a legal perspective, the statements of the testimonies of the Three and Eight witnesses hold no credibility or weight in a court of law as there are a) no signatures of any of the witnesses except Oliver, b) no specific dates, c) no specific locations, and d) some of the witnesses made statements after the fact that contradict and cast doubt on the specific claims made in the statements contained in the preface of the Book of Mormon."''

'''Answer:''' "The same all holds true for Jeremy’s Letter. His signature is nowhere to be found inside, there are no specific dates listed for the letter he wrote to the CES director or the events laid out in his conclusion, no specific locations are mentioned for any of those events, he doesn’t even tell us where the CES director was working, and some of Jeremy’s statements and arguments contradict others he makes, both publicly and inside the Letter itself."<ref>Sarah Allen, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/09/30890 "The CES Letter Rebuttal — Part 51,"] FAIR blog, 9 March 2022.</ref> Clearly the lack of a signature document does not invalidate the testimony of the witnesses. Further, their testimonies are consistent throughout their lives.

This claim is primarily addressed above under [[#Witnesses|Witnesses]]. For a specific rebuttal to the CES Letter about the document issue, see [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/09/30890 Part 51: CES Letter Witnesses Questions (Section G)].

===Conclusion===
This section of the letter largely repeats criticisms from earlier sections, so the claims are primarily addressed in the resources above. For a specific rebuttal to this section, see:
*Sarah Allen, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/10/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-52 "The CES Letter Rebuttal — Part 52,"] FAIR blog, 10 March 2022.
*Sarah Allen, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/16/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-53 "The CES Letter Rebuttal — Part 53,"] FAIR blog, 16 March 2022.
*Sarah Allen, [https://www.fairlatterdaysaints.org/blog/2022/03/24/the-ces-letter-rebuttal-part-54 "The CES Letter Rebuttal — Part 54,"] FAIR blog, 24 March 2022.

{{endnotes sources}}