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Mormonism and politics/California Proposition 8/Post-Election Events

2011-08-26T04:08:02Z

RichardRobbins:

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{{Heading1|California Proposition 8: Post Election Events}}

:''The outbreak of attacks on the Mormon church since the passage of Proposition 8 has been chilling: envelopes full of suspicious white powder were sent to church headquarters in Salt Lake City; protesters showed up en masse to intimidate Mormon small-business owners who supported the measure; a website was created to identify and shame members of the church who backed it; activists are targeting the relatives of prominent Mormons who gave money to pass it, as well as other Mormons who are only tangentially associated with the cause; some have even called for a boycott of the entire state of Utah.''
:—Editorial, [http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=YTU5MjZmMDIyMDU3NjRiMjBlNjcxYTlmOGQ2ODA5NjA Legislating Immorality], ''National Review Online'' (Nov. 24, 20-08) [[Image:Ukiah.vandalism.2B.png|right]]
{{parabreak}}
:''Get over it. It's easier to wash a paint stain off a church than to take off the stain they left on the California Constitution.''
:—Robin Tyler, activist for lesbian rights, justifying vandalism by stating that Prop 8 supporters have "no right to complain about any physical and verbal attacks they've encountered since election day" during a [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/11/22/BAAR14ACGC.DTL rally at the steps of the California Capitol].
{{parabreak}}
:''The Mormon church has had to rely on our tolerance in the past, to be able to express their beliefs...This is a huge mistake for them. It looks like they've forgotten some lessons.''
:—San Francisco supervisor Bevan Dufty, at a protest in front of the Oakland Temple
{{parabreak}}
:''Members of the Mormon church have experienced significant intolerance ranging from expulsion from Illinois in the dead of winter to an extermination order by the Governor of Missouri. It has seen its members raped and murdered as the result of state sponsored intolerance, acts you seem to condone by implication. Are these the lessons you refer to, and are you proposing to apply those lessons again? Are you suggesting that Mormon’s need your permission to participate in the political process or to practice our beliefs, and what remedy do you propose for failed compliance?''
:—FAIR's response to Supervisor Dufty, which remains unanswered.

=Aftermath=
Upon passage of Proposition 8 by the California electorate, and despite the fact that LDS members constitute a small minority of those who voted in California, the Church came under attack for its role in encouraging its members to support the "Yes on 8" campaign. This produced a number of negative and positive effects.

{{Heading2|Threats from "No on 8" supporters}}
*"Burn their ******* churches to the ground, and then tax the charred timbers"
*"While financially I supported the Vote No, and was vocal to everyone and anyone who would listen, I have never considered being a violent radical extremist for our equal rights. But now I think maybe I should consider becoming one. Perhaps that is the only thing that will affect the change we so desperately need and deserve."
*"Can someone in CA please go burn down the Mormon temples there, PLEASE. I mean seriously. DO IT."
*""I'm going to give them something to be ******* scared of. … I'm a radical who is now on a mission to make them all pay for what they've done" {{ref|wnd1}}

There were some more measured and thoughtful responses however. One "No on 8" blogger made the following observations:

:''...notice how these protests overwhelmingly target the Mormon Church. Why? Because these protesters and boycotters are cowards...What is required in these protests is a target. But the very nature of identity politics precludes the two most obvious demographics who voted for the initiative - Hispanics and African-Americans. Could anyone imagine a parade of mostly white gays and lesbians descending on black communities and churches in protest? No, and those pushing the protests know that tactic would never fly in America. Why not go after Catholics, a demographic that supported the proposition with both cash and votes? First, because Catholics comprise roughly 25% of the American population. In addition, California is a heavily hispanic state, and hispanics are overwhelming Catholic. Would any smart GLBT'' [gay, lesbian, bi-sexual, transgender] ''organizer have their activists and supporters declare war on the Catholic Church and expect support from hispanics and a large portion of white voters? No, not even in that liberal state. This leaves us with the Mormons, the red-headed stepchild of American religion...They’re the safe target. The only target. The one target that invites almost no recrimination among a large swath of conservatives, liberals, the religiously devout, and atheists.'' {{ref|malcontent1}}

{{Heading2|Church response}}
The Church issued the following statement:

:''It is disturbing that The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is being singled out for speaking up as part of its democratic right in a free election.''

:''Members of the Church in California and millions of others from every faith, ethnicity and political affiliation who voted for Proposition 8 exercised the most sacrosanct and individual rights in the United States — that of free expression and voting.''

:''While those who disagree with our position on Proposition 8 have the right to make their feelings known, it is wrong to target the Church and its sacred places of worship for being part of the democratic process.''

:''Once again, we call on those involved in the debate over same-sex marriage to act in a spirit of mutual respect and civility towards each other. No one on either side of the question should be vilified, harassed or subject to erroneous information.'' {{ref|ldsnews2}}

==Negative reactions==
[[Image:Burninhell.png|right|200px]]

:''The Mormon church has had to rely on our tolerance in the past, to be able to express their beliefs...This is a huge mistake for them. It looks like they've forgotten some lessons.''
:—San Francisco supervisor Bevan Dufty, at a protest in front of the Oakland Temple
{{parabreak}}
There were, unfortunately, negative effects from the vote in the days immediately following the election. Members of the gay community (and their supporters) were vocal and visible in their negative demonstrations. Some of those negative effects are documented in the following sections.

This documentation should not be taken as a blanket indictment of those in the "No on 8" camp. While leadership of the "No on 8" group have been negative toward LDS involvement, that negativity did not reach the level of vitriol and "over the top" behavior noted in some of the sections below. Various GLBT (gay, lesbian, bi-sexual, transgender) groups have organized, encouraged, or participated in the demonstrations targeted specifically at the LDS Church (such as those conducted outside LDS temples).

The first call that we know of by an GLBT group to ''not'' target the LDS Church specifically was by JoinTheImpact.com, which organized the nationwide demonstrations that (for the most part) occurred at government facilities on Saturday, November 15. (See the [http://jointheimpact.wetpaint.com/page/Mission+Statement JoinTheImpact mission statement].) It is unfortunate that the actions of extremists specifically targeting the Church went uncriticized or rebuked by "No on Prop 8" leaders or state politicians until several days had passed—one would have hoped that they would immediately speak out against such inappropriate behavior, no matter who the target.

It still remains to be seen whether the moderating efforts of JoinTheImpact to express displeasure across the board instead of toward a single group will be accepted by the GLBT community and the other GLBT groups who have chosen to target primarily the LDS.

===Accusations===
{{Heading2|Accusations of hatred and bigotry}}
The tactics of those who oppose the decision are to label LDS "haters" and "bigots." The accusation is that LDS are attempting to ''remove'' the rights associated with marriage. However, passing Prop. 8 didn't remove any of the rights that were already granted to same-sex couples under domestic partnership laws in California. They have all of the same rights, privileges and protections that they had before. What is disputed is the use of the word "marriage" to describe these unions.

The words "hatred" and "bigot" are emotionally charged and intended to produce a specific effect. Note how the following strategy of "Direct Emotional Modeling" is being applied to supporters of Prop 8:

:''The trick is to get the bigot into the position of feeling a conflicting twinge of shame, along with his reward, whenever his homohatred surfaces, so that his reward will be diluted or spoiled. This can be accomplished in a variety of ways, all making use of repeated exposure to pictorial images or verbal statements that are incompatible with his self-image as a well-liked person, one who fits in with the rest of the crowd....When he sees someone like himself being disapproved of and disliked by ordinary Joes, Direct Emotional Modeling ensures that he will feel just what they feel—and transfer it to himself. This wrinkle effectively elicits shame and doubt...our effect is achieved without reference to facts, logic, or proof. In short, Jamming succeeds insofar as it inserts even a slight frisson of doubt and shame into the previously unalloyed, self- righteous pleasure. The approach can be quite useful and effective—if our message can get the massive exposure upon which all else depends.'' {{ref|ball1}}

The protests that have spread to temples across the country certainly qualify as achieving the "massive exposure upon which all else depends".

===Protests===
{{Heading2|Protests at LDS places of worship}}
====Temples====
A number of protests were held in front of LDS temples:
*'''Los Angeles Temple''' (Westwood, California). Protests held daily beginning November 6 through November 9, 2008.
*'''Mesa Temple''' (Mesa, Arizona). Protest held on November 28, 2008.{{ref|azrep1}}
*'''Manhattan Temple''' (New York City, New York). Protest held on November 12, 2008.{{ref|nyt2}}
*'''Newport Beach Temple''' (Newport Beach, California). Protest on November 16, 2008.{{ref|ocreg1}}
*'''Oakland Temple''' (Oakland, California). Protests held on October 26, 2008{{ref|sfchron2}} and November 9, 2008{{ref|sfchron3}}.
*'''Salt Lake Temple''' (Salt Lake City, Utah). Protest on November 7, 2008.{{ref|sltrib1}}
*'''San Diego Temple''' (University City, California). Protest on November 9, 2008.{{ref|sosd2}}
*'''Seattle Temple''' (Seattle, Washington). Protest held on November 9, 2008).{{ref|seattle2}}
*'''Spokane Temple''' (Spokane, Washington). Protest held on November 12, 2008.{{ref|seattle1}}
*'''Washington Temple''' (Kensington, Maryland). Protest held on November 15, 2008.{{ref|gaz1}}

The Church has hired extra security to watch over the Sacramento temple, and has been "asking members to drive by church buildings late at night." In addition, Latter-day Saints who work in law enforcement "are keeping track of Internet chatter to find out where protests will be held." {{ref|sacbee.11-17}}

====Meeting houses====
Protests have also been held at regular meeting houses:
*'''Vallejo, California.''' Protesters attempt to disrupt worship services.{{ref|ther1}}

{{Heading2|Protests at other Christian places of worship}}
Protests were not limited to Latter-day Saint places of worship:
*'''The Saddleback Church''' (Lake Forest, Orange County) was the target of one protest. {{ref|saddleback1}}
*'''Mount Hope Church''' (Lansing, Michigan) A "gay anarchist group" disrupted services at the Mt. Hope Church. According to the Rev. John Elieff, they "disrupted the service by bursting into the sanctuary, throwing fliers, hanging a banner from the balcony and pulling fire alarms." {{ref|mthopechurch1}}

===Vandalism===
{{Heading2|Vandalism of LDS Chapels by "No on 8" supporters}}

:''The indignation of gay Californians and their allies is understandable. All committed couples should have an equal right to marriage, as the state Supreme Court ruled they did earlier this year. And civil protest is healthy. But some extremes we're seeing are just plain wrong. For example, the vandalism of Mormon churches might be interpreted as a hate crime if it were directed at gay and lesbian institutions. Some other tactics are legal but equally counterproductive.''
:—[http://www.mercurynews.com/opinion/ci_11008595 Editorial: Vandalism, coercion are counterproductive to fight for gay marriage], ''The Mercury News'' (Nov. 17, 2008)
{{parabreak}}
:''So far, no gay-rights activist has had the brass to burn a Qu’ran on the doorstep of a militant mosque where—forget marriage!—imams advocate the stoning of homosexuals.''
:—Editorial, [http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=YTU5MjZmMDIyMDU3NjRiMjBlNjcxYTlmOGQ2ODA5NjA Legislating Immorality], ''National Review Online'' (Nov. 24, 2008)
{{parabreak}}
Opponents of Proposition 8 have resorted to vandalism against LDS chapels. A San Francisco Bay Area newspaper expressed the opinion noted above after observing the results of two weeks of protests—they finally associated the term "hate crime" with the attacks on LDS meetinghouses. The following incidents of vandalism have occurred:

*'''Orangeville, California.''' Opponents of Prop 8 spray painted 'No on 8' on the meetinghouse.{{ref|calstate1}}{{ref|sacbee2}}
*'''Arapahoe County, Colorado.''' A Book of Mormon was burned on the doorstep of an LDS chapel outside Denver.{{ref|denver1}}
*'''Utah.''' As of November 14, there had been reports of vandalism at seven Utah meetinghouses, all being investigated by the FBI.{{ref|sacbee3}}
*'''Farmington, Utah.''' Opponents of Prop 8 spray painted 'Nobody's born a bigot' on a meetinghouse.{{ref|abc41}}
*'''Sacramento, California.''' Ten church buildings in the Sacramento area have been vandalized since the election (more than usually occurs in an entire year.{{ref|sacbee4}}
*'''Olympia, Washington.''' A group vandalized a LDS chapel, and then boasted of their act on the internet. "Last night, under the veil of fog, we visited the Church of Latter Day Saints. We left their locks glued with anarchist messages scrawled in spray paint over their boring veneer." {{ref|bashback1}} The vandalism was confirmed by the Olympia Police Dept. The same group is responsible for the invasion of worship services in the Mount Hope Church in Lansing, Michigan on November 9th.{{ref|bashback2}}
*'''Ukiah, California''' A LDS chapel was spray painted with the words ""separate church and state Prop. 8 cult." {{ref|ukiah1}}

{{Heading2|Vandalism at other Christian places of worship}}
*'''San Francisco, California.''' The Most Holy Redeemer Catholic Church was spray painted with black swastikas and the words "Ratzinger" and "Niederauer." {{ref|CNA.1.6.09}}

===Threats===
{{Heading2|Death threats}}
*'''Fresno, CA''' The Pastor of the Cornerstone Church and Fresno Mayor were sent death threats. {{ref|cbn1}}

{{Heading2|Harassment}}
*'''Palm Springs, CA''' [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_ZvPR09N4Q Gay Marriage Proponents Attack Elderly Woman] An elderly woman carrying a large cross is harassed by a large man during a Prop. 8 rally.
*'''Los Angeles, CA''' Racial epithets were used against Blacks who were driving through Westwood, near UCLA. They were "accosted in their cars and, in addition to being denounced, were warned, 'You better watch your back.'" {{ref|sowell1}}
*'''San Francisco, CA''' A Prop 8 supporter writes a letter to the editor of the San Francisco Chronicle. According to the editorial page editor, "Within hours, the intimidation game was on. Because his real name and city were listed - a condition for publication of letters to The Chronicle - opponents of Prop. 8 used Internet search engines to find the letter writer's small business, his Web site (which included the names of his children and dog), his phone number and his clients. And they posted that information in the "Comments" section of SFGate.com - urging, in ugly language, retribution against the author's business and its identified clients." {{ref|sfgate.11-23}}

{{Heading2|Mormons have "forgotten some lessons"?}}
*San Francisco supervisor Bevan Dufty at protest: "The Mormon church has had to rely on our tolerance in the past, to be able to express their beliefs....This is a huge mistake for them. It looks like they've forgotten some lessons."{{ref|sowell2}}

Apparently, this supervisor believes that freedom to express one's religious beliefs is something which only exists if he and others choose to grant it. One wonders what "lessons" the Mormons have forgotten—the lessons of state persecution, disenfranchisement, or mob rule? It is unfortunate that elected officials in San Francisco can make such statements without repercussions. If a supervisor said something similar about homosexuals, would his job be safe?

{{Heading2|Terrorist tactics}}
On Thursday, November 13, 2008, envelopes containing white powder were received by the Church at two locations and by a facility of the Knights of Columbus. Both organizations were prominent supporters of the "Yes on 8" campaign.

*'''Los Angeles and Salt Lake Temples.''' An envelope containing white powder was sent to the Los Angeles and Salt Lake Temples, forcing their closure while Hazardous Material teams were called in to investigate. The powder turned out to be harmless. {{ref|whitepowder1}}
*'''Windsor Locks, Connecticut.''' An envelope containing a suspicious white powder was found at the Knights of Columbus printing plant. {{ref|whitepowder2}}

No group has claimed responsibility for the actions. The FBI continues to investigate the incidents.

{{Heading2|Hacking of Church related web site}}
*The web site which hosts ''Meridian Magazine'' was hacked. Content was replaced with "horrible, explicit lesbian films," according to the site owner. {{ref|deseretnews.11-13}}

{{Heading2|Threats to revoke the Church's tax-exempt status}}
====The California Fair Political Practices Commission investigation====
The organization "Californians Against Hate" made a rather fascinating plea to the Enforcement Division of the Fair Political Practices Commission to investigate the Church's alleged "undeclared" donations to the Prop 8 campaign, {{ref|calhate1}} which the FPPC agreed to examine. {{ref|sltrib.11-24}} First, they claimed that "[t]he Mormon Church has been highly secretive about its massive involvement in the campaign." Then, they proceeded to accuse the Church of not sufficiently hiding its involvement from the general public:

:"Then the Newsroom of the Mormon Church issued a Press Release (attached) about this broadcast making it available to California voters and anyone with internet access. This video was not password protected and was promoted by the Church and available to nonmembers."

:"...Certainly this web site was put in place to reach California voters. It is on the internet, and therefore available to all."

:"All of these commercials as well as their web site were clearly designed to communicate with the public."

Critics can't have it both ways—either the Church was "highly secretive," or it was offering presentations that were "clearly designed to communicate with the public." The absurdity of this approach speaks for itself.

{{Heading2|Blacklists and boycotts}}
:''The resulting protest movement has devolved into anti-Mormon bigotry which has been met with silence by liberal civil rights groups. The anti-Mormon fervor has become so nasty, and is growing at such a pace, that it is time to speak out against the "Mormon boycott."''
:—William A. Jacobson, [http://www.americanthinker.com/2008/12/its_time_to_speak_out_against.html It's Time to Speak Out Against The 'Mormon Boycott'], ''American Thinker'' (Dec. 4, 2008)
{{parabreak}}
Public records containing donor information are being used to create blacklists of individuals and businesses who supported Prop 8.

*[http://antigayblacklist.com/ AntiGayBlacklist.com]
*"Californians Against Hate" also created what they call a "Dishonor Roll," which lists donors, the amount they donated, place of business, addresses and phone numbers. It is notable that The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints does not appear on this list, with the largest single donor listed being the Knights of Columbus ($1,425,000).
* Alison Stateman, [http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1859323,00.html?xid=rss-topstories What Happens If You're on the Gay "Enemies List"], ''Time'' (Nov. 15, 2008)

====Blacklist targets====
*A woman working in Silicon Valley whose name was on the blacklist said the someone contacted her employer and tried to have her fired from her job. {{ref|fired1}}
*The owner of a Subway franchise who apparently donated $2500 under his company name was indentified on the Prop 8 donor list. The gay blogger who identified the donor "threatened to rally a major boycott of Subway sub-shops if his demands weren’t addressed: repudiating the gift, adding ‘sexual orientation and gender identity’ to the company’s nondiscrimination policy and giving an equal gift to the other side." According to the [http://www.blogactive.com/df.pdf letter sent to the owner by Subway], "You have represented to us that your bookkeeper inadvertently used one of your business accounts that included the trademark to make the actual contribution." Subway requested that the donation be rescinded, and added the nondiscrimination clause as requested. The third demand of "giving an equal gift to the other side" was dropped. {{ref|wallstjournal1}}
*The franchise owner of a chicken restaurant who donated $6000 of his own personal funds has his restaurant picketed. {{ref|lbr1}}
*The owner of a health food and vitamin store became the target of boycotts after it was discovered that he made a $27,500 donation to support Prop 8 through his business. {{ref|lassen1}}
*Boycott of LA radio station (K-Earth 101) called for when it was found out one of the on-air personalities donated to "Yes on 8."{{ref|kabc1}}
*Boycott of an ice cream store in Sacramento (Catholic owned). {{ref|leatherbys1}}
*"Soft Boycott" of Bolthouse Farms dropped after the company was pressured into giving $100,000 to support gay political causes.{{ref|time1}}
*Protest in front of a LDS bookstore in Dallas, TX.{{ref|liberaction}}

====Missing the target====
Sometimes in their zeal to punish, the boycotters miss the target.
*"The Sacramento Theater Company is being confused with the California Musical Theater. That separate company was blacklisted this week by same-sex marriage supporters. They found out one of the directors gave money supporting prop 8. But, the Sacramento Theater Company is now swamped with calls and e-mails from people promising to pull their ticket subscriptions." {{ref|saccbs13}}

{{Heading2|Intimidation and forced resignation of donors by identifying their religious affiliation as LDS}}
====Public confrontation and humiliation====
*Boycott of El Coyote restaurant (Los Angeles, California). According to an editorial in ''The Mercury News'', "One ugly case was the boisterous protest by dozens of gay marriage supporters outside a small Los Angeles restaurant where the owner's daughter had contributed $100 to Proposition 8. The loss of customers threatened the livelihoods of employees, some of whom were gay and opposed the initiative." {{ref|mercnews.11-17}} Ex-Mormon suggests that boycott can be averted by equal donation to campaign to overturn Prop 8.{{ref|hunt1}} The manager eventually resigned.{{ref|front1}}

====Intimidation to resign====
*Scott Eckern, Artistic Director for California Musical Theatre for seven years, resigned after the theatre was threatened by some in the entertainment industry. Eckern gave an apology and donated an equal amount to the effort to overturn Prop 8.{{ref|sacbee1}}{{ref|nyt1}}{{ref|hitandrun1}} (Background info: Scott Eckern, [http://cfac.byu.edu/index.php?id=1421 “Seek the Truth. Tell the Truth”], Speech, 2007 College Honored Alumni Lecture Series, College of Fine Arts and Communications, Brigham Young University, 20 September 2007)

*Richard Raddon, LA Film Festival director, resigns after "anti-Raddon bile continued to bubble in the blogosphere" and "No on 8" supporters "berated Raddon personally via phone calls and e-mails."{{ref|latimes4}}

*Calls for resignation of Mark Paredes, national director of Latino outreach for the American Jewish Congress (Paredes is LDS). It was "demanded that Paredes retract his financial contribution to the Yes on 8 campaign, donate money to the anti-Proposition 8 campaign or resign his position at the Jewish communal organization." {{ref|jewish1}}

{{Heading2|Intimidation of gays and lesbians}}

The backlash from Prop 8 has not only affected those who supported the measure:

====Intimidation to resign====
*A lesbian mother was forced to resign her position as President of the PTA at a Catholic school in Fresno, California after she publicly voiced her opposition to Prop. 8. {{ref|mercnews.pta}}

{{Heading2|Absence of support from political leaders}}

Through November 15, 2008, there were no expressions of support from political leaders, no requests for civility, and no denouncing of the post-election activities of "No on 8" proponents. California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, however, did encourage those attempting to overturn the proposition to "never ever give up...They should never give up. They should be on it and on it until they get it done." {{ref|governator1}} A [http://familyleader.info/petitions/petition_5.php petition was initiated] requesting that Governor Schwarzenegger "respect the voter's will." {{ref|petition1}}

By November 19th, California Assembly Speaker Karen Bass said that she "appalled" at the "hostility that has been directed at African-Americans since the passage of Proposition 8." Ironically, Ms. Bass made no mention at all of the Latter-day Saints being the main target of the protests. {{ref|bass1}}

==Positive effects==
{{Heading2|Expressions of support from other Christians}}

*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uv72urCWJcU Catholics Appalled at Anti-Mormon Slur] (YouTube Video)
*[http://newsroom.lds.org/ldsnewsroom/eng/news-releases-stories/catholic-bishops-decry-religious-bigotry-against-mormons Catholic Bishops Decry Religious Bigotry Against Mormons], LDS Newsroom, Nov. 11, 2008.
*[http://abclocal.go.com/kabc/video?id=6506835 Prop 8 Supporters speak out about the vote], KABC - Los Angeles, (Nov. 11, 2008)

{{Heading2|Condemnation of criminal activity by those who opposed Proposition 8}}
*The Anti-Defamation League made the following statement:

:''Although we strongly opposed Proposition 8, its passage does not justify the defacement and destruction of property. We urge Californians to channel their frustration and disappointment in productive and responsible ways to work towards full equality for all Americans. To place anyone in fear of threat to their houses of worship or their personal security because they have expressed deeply held religious views is contrary to everything this nation represents. Our Constitution's First Amendment protects freedom of speech, freedom of assembly and [http://newsroom.lds.org/official-statement/religious-freedom freedom of religion] for all of us.'' {{ref|antidefamation1}}

{{Heading2|Petitions to thank Latter-day Saints for their support on Prop 8}}
:''Dear President Monson:''

:''We write firstly to express our deep gratitude to you and the entire LDS community for the large and impressive contributions of your church and its members in protecting marriage in California and Arizona.''

:''Anyone who participated in this process has come to admire the competence, diligence and moral courage that so many members of your faith community displayed as part of this coalition effort—as Catholics, Evangelicals, Mormons, and people of other faith communities all came together to fight this great battle for marriage.''

:''But we write for an even more important purpose: to express our outrage at the vile and indecent attacks directed specifically and uniquely at the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members because of your courage in standing up for marriage...''
:—Above the Hate, [http://abovethehate.com/ ''Letter Against Hate to President Monson''] (Nov. 15, 2008)
{{parabreak}}

===Above the Hate===
An organization called "Above the Hate" has posted a [http://abovethehate.com/ Letter Against Hate to President Monson], and invited the public to add their signatures. Signatures include those of the leaders of a number of Christian organizations.

===American Family Association===
The American Family Association issued an "AFA Action Alert" asking people to [http://us.mc1114.mail.yahoo.com/mc/showMessage;_ylt=AhLj9rDPTWCnag4NEQUhFoljk70X?mid=1_1368356_AIQPw0MAAA8fSS6cBQFguigscbA&fid=Inbox&sort=date&order=down&startMid=0&.rand=381010206&da=0 "Thank the LDS church for its support of Proposition 8."] The [http://www.afa.net/prop8thanks/ petition] states:

:''We express our appreciation to the Mormons for their support of Prop 8 in California. We find it detestable that homosexual activists will not accept the passage of Prop 8 in a democratic vote. We also find it detestable that gays would organize a hate campaign toward people of faith who vote their convictions. For a group which is always promoting “tolerance,” we find this attack a gross offense.'' {{ref|afapetition}}

=Endnotes=
{{ExplicitLanguage}}

#{{note|wnd1}}[http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=80220 'Gay' threats target Christians over same-sex 'marriage' ban], ''WorldNet Daily'' (Nov. 5, 2008)
#{{note|malcontent1}}[http://malcontent.biz/blog/?p=1797 When The Bullied Become The Bullies], ''The Malcontent''

#{{note|ldsnews2}}[http://newsroom.lds.org/ldsnewsroom/eng/news-releases-stories/church-issues-statement-on-proposition-8-protest Church Issues Statement on Proposition 8 Protest]

#{{note|ball1}}[http://www.article8.org/docs/gay_strategies/after_the_ball.htm Putting strategies to work: the homosexual propaganda campaign in America's media]

#{{note|azrep1}}Katherine Greene, "[http://www.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/local/articles/2008/11/29/20081129B2Story1129.html Same-sex ban under protest during Mormon festivities]," ''Arizona Republic'' (Nov. 29, 2008).
#{{note|nyt2}}Colin Moynihan, "[http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/11/13/at-mormon-temple-thousands-protest-prop-8/ At Mormon Temple, a Protest Over Prop 8]," ''New York Times'' (Nov. 13, 2008).
#{{note|ocreg1}}Mark Eades, "[http://www.ocregister.com/articles/church-beach-passage-2230532-clayton-fichter Gay marriage proponents protest in front of Mormon church]," OC Register (Nov. 16, 2008).
#{{note|sfchron2}}Matthai Kuruvila, "[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/10/27/BAP113OIRD.DTL&tsp=1 Mormons face flak for backing Prop. 8]," ''The San Francisco Chronicle'' (Oct. 27, 2008).
#{{note|sfchron3}}John Wildermuth and Demian Bulwa, "[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/11/09/BAM51419AN.DTL At least 400 protest outside Mormon Church, thousands more in Sacramento]," ''The San Francisco Chronicle'' (Nov. 10, 2008).
#{{note|sltrib1}}Peggy Fletcher Stack and Jessica Ravitz, "[http://www.sltrib.com/News/ci_10929992?IADID=Search-www.sltrib.com-www.sltr Thousands in Salt Lake City protest LDS stance on same-sex marriage]," ''Salt Lake Tribune'' (Nov. 9, 2008).
#{{note|sosd2}}Brooke Williams, "[http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/metro/20081110-9999-1m10protest.html Prop. 8 protesters target Mormon temple ]," ''San Diego Union Tribune'' (Nov. 10, 2008).
#{{note|seattle2}}Janet Tu, "[http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2008371441_protest10m.html Mormon church targeted for Prop. 8 support]," ''The Seattle Times'' (Nov. 10, 2008).
#{{note|seattle1}}"[http://www.kxly.com/Global/story.asp?S=9341141 Protestors target Mormon Church after Prop 8 failure]," KXLY TV (Nov. 12, 2008).
#{{note|gaz1}}Jen Beasley, "[http://www.gazette.net/stories/11182008/prinnew73410_32548.shtml Gay marriage supporters rally at Mormon church]," ''Gazette.Net,'' Maryland Community Newspapers (Nov. 18, 2008).
#{{note|sacbee.11-17}}Jennifer Garza, "[http://www.sacbee.com/101/story/1403369.html Mormons step up security after anti-Prop. 8 vandalism]," ''Sacramento Bee'' (Nov. 17, 2008)
#{{note|ther1}}Lanz Christian Banes, "[http://www.timesheraldonline.com/news/ci_11003849 Gay rights activists picket in front of Mormon church]," Times Herald (Nov. 17, 2008).
#{{note|saddleback1}}Michael Rothfeld and Tony Barboza, [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/politics/cal/la-me-protest10-2008nov10,0,4429002.story Schwarzenegger tells backers of gay marriage: Don't give up]
#{{note|mthopechurch1}}Nathan Harris , [http://www.lansingcitypulse.com/lansing/article-2302-gay-anarchist-action-hits-church.html Gay anarchist 'action' hits church], ''Citypulse'' (Nov. 11, 2008)

#{{note|calstate1}}Derek Fleming, "[http://media.www.statehornet.com/media/storage/paper1146/news/2008/11/12/News/no.On.8.Supporters.Target.Mormon.Church-3537408.shtml 'No on 8' supporters target Mormon church]," ''The State Hornet,'' (Nov. 12, 2008).
#{{note|sacbee2}}Chelsea Phue, "[http://www.sacbee.com/295/story/1382472.html Mormon church in Orangevale vandalized in wake of Prop. 8 vote]," ''The Sacramento Bee'' (Nov. 13, 2008).
#{{note|denver1}}Kieran Nicholson, "[http://www.denverpost.com/news/ci_10964515 Book of Mormon burned on doorstep of Arapahoe LDS church]," ''Denver Post'' (Nov. 12, 2008).
#{{note|sacbee3}}Jennifer Garza, "[http://www.sacbee.com/crime/story/1399018.html Feds investigate vandalism at Mormon sites]," ''Sacramento Bee'' (Nov. 14, 2008).
#{{note|abc41}}"[http://www.abc4.com/content/news/top%20stories/story.aspx?content_id=301e1115-ba01-4eb9-b211-77f392cc1e9b Farmington LDS chapel vandalized]," ABC 4 TV (Nov. 20, 2008).
#{{note|sacbee4}}Jennifer Garza, [http://www.sacbee.com/101/story/1399732.html Are attacks on Mormon sites hate crimes?], ''Sacramento Bee'' (Nov. 15, 2008).
#{{note|bashback1}}[http://news.infoshop.org/article.php?story=20081116190907330 Bash Back! Trashes Mormon Church in Olympia] (Nov. 16, 2008)
#{{note|bashback2}}[http://blog.mlive.com/minorityreport/2008/11/bash_back_bashes_lansing_churc.html Bash Back! bashes Lansing church] (Nov. 12, 2008)
#{{note|ukiah1}}[http://www.ukiahdailyjournal.com/ci_11039387 Vandals strike high school, LDS church], ''Ukiah Daily Journal'' (Nov. 21, 2008)
#{{note|CNA.1.6.09}}[http://catholicnewsagency.com/new.php?n=14686 Suspected anti-Prop.8 vandals strike San Francisco church], ''Catholic News Agency'' (Jan. 6, 2009)

#{{note|cbn1}}Heather Sells, [http://www.cbn.com/CBNnews/503597.aspx Gay Marriage Battle Still Rages in Calif.], CBN News (Dec. 12, 2008)

#{{note|sowell1}}Thomas Sowell, [http://www.mormontimes.com/people_news/church_news/?linkTrack=dailyEmail&id=5067 Thomas Sowell: The right to win], ''Mormon Times'' (Nov. 18, 2008)
#{{note|sfgate.11-23}}John Diaz, [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/11/23/INOQ147155.DTL The ugly backlash over Proposition 8], ''The San Francisco Chronicle'' (Nov. 23, 2008)
#{{note|sowell2}}"Anti-Prop 8 Protest Near Oakland Mormon Temple," ''beliefnet.org'' (10 November 2008) {{link|url=http://blog.beliefnet.com/news/2008/11/antiprop-8-protest-near-oaklan.php#more}}; see also Thomas Sowell, [http://www.mormontimes.com/people_news/church_news/?linkTrack=dailyEmail&id=5067 Thomas Sowell: The right to win], ''Mormon Times'' (Nov. 18, 2008)

#{{note|whitepowder1}}[http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hWQRMq91zcde41dhzAaSEx2wEHFwD94EEP9O2 White powder sent to Mormon temples in Utah, LA], Associated Press (Nov. 13, 2008)
#{{note|whitepowder2}}[http://www.wfsb.com/news/17973995/detail.html White Powder Found In Printing Plant], WSFB.com (Nov. 13, 2008)

#{{note|deseretnew.11-13}}Carrie A. Moore, [http://deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,705262907,00.html Owner says Prop 8 opponents hacked into LDS site], ''Deseret News'' (Nov. 13, 2008)
#{{note|calhate1}}[http://californiansagainsthate.blogspot.com/2008/11/sworn-complaint-filed-against-mormon.html Sworn Complaint Filed Against Mormon Church with California FPCC and 2 State Attorneys General] (Nov. 13, 2008)
#{{note|sltrib.11-24}}Jessica Ravitz, "Probe into LDS Church's Prop 8 donations going forward," ''Salt Lake Tribune'' (Nov. 24, 2008)

#{{note|fired1}}Mike Swift, [http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_11045557?source=most_viewed 'Hate' accusations keep flying in same-sex marriage debate; protest planned today at Capitol], ''Mercury News'' (Nov. 21, 2008)
#{{note|wallstjournal1}}Raymund Flandez, [http://blogs.wsj.com/independentstreet/2008/11/19/subway-franchisee-forced-to-recall-prop-8-donation/ Subway Franchisee Forced to Recall Prop. 8 Donation], ''Wall Street Journal'' (Nov. 19, 2008)
#{{note|lbr1}}[http://www.lbreport.com/news/nov08/prop8lst.htm Prop 8 Opponents Target Business Of Area Resident Who Made Contribution Supporting Prop 8], ''LBReport.com'' (Nov. 23, 2008)
#{{note|lassen1}}Michael Sullivan, [http://www.vcreporter.com/cms/story/detail/?id=6476 Business and politics don't mix: Lassen's Health Food Store], ''VCReporter Online'' (Nov. 26, 2008)
#{{note|kabc1}}Charles Granda, "[http://abclocal.go.com/kabc/story?section=news/local/los_angeles&id=6502661 Prop. 8 protestors boycott businesses]," KABC TV (Nov. 13, 2008).
#{{note|leatherbys1}}[http://www.redcounty.com/placercountyca/2008/11/tolerance-on-display---targeti/ Tolerance on Display - Targeting Leatherby's Family Creamery] (blog) (Nov. 14, 2008).
#{{note|time1}}Alison Stateman, "[http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1859323,00.html?iid=tsmodule What Happens If You're on the Gay "Enemies List"]," ''Time'' (Nov. 15, 2008).
#{{note|liberaction}}[http://lgbtliberaction.blogspot.com/2008/11/pride.html Pride] (Nov. 29, 2008)
#{{note|saccbs13}}[http://cbs13.com/local/proposition.8.theater.2.865242.html Proposition 8 Opponents Target Wrong Business], ''Sacramento CBS 13'' (Nov. 14, 2008)

#{{note|mercnews.11-17}}[http://www.mercurynews.com/opinion/ci_11008595 Editorial: Vandalism, coercion are counterproductive to fight for gay marriage], ''The Mercury News'' (Nov. 17, 2008)
#{{note|hunt1}}Lisa Derrick, "[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-derrick/el-coyote-boycott-mormon_b_143605.html El Coyote Boycott? Mormon Manager's Faith Overrides "Love" For Customers]," ''The Huffington Post'' (Nov. 13, 2008).
#{{note|front1}}Christopher Lisotta, "[http://www.frontierspublishing.com/2716/yourworld/breaking_news_12_08_2008.html Restaurant manager to leave El Coyote over Prop. 8 controversy]," ''Frontiers Magazine'' (Dec. 8, 2008).
#{{note|nyt1}}Jesse McKinley, "[http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/13/theater/13thea.html?_r=1&oref=slogin Theater Director Resigns Amid Gay-Rights Ire]," ''New York Times'' (Nov. 12, 2008).
#{{note|hitandrun1}}[http://reason.com/blog/show/130073.html Mormon Outed by Campaign Finance Laws] (blog) (Nov. 13, 2008)
#{{note|sacbee1}}"[http://media.sacbee.com/smedia/2008/11/12/10/eckern_statement.source.prod_affiliate.4.pdf Scott Eckern Releases Statement and Announces Resignation as Artistic Director for California Musical Theatre]," ''Sacramento Bee'' (Nov. 12, 2008).
#{{note|latimes4}}Rachel Abramowitz, "[http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/la-et-raddonresigns26-2008nov26,0,5947908.story L.A. Film Festival director Richard Raddon resigns]," ''Los Angeles Times'' (Nov. 25, 2008).
#{{note|jewish1}}Rebecca Spence, "[http://www.forward.com/articles/14603/ Mormon AJC Official Draws Ire on Prop 8]," ''The Jewish Daily Forward'' (Nov. 20, 2008).

#{{note|mercnews.pta}}[http://www.mercurynews.com/news/ci_10978629 Lesbian mom asked to quit PTA over Prop. 8], ''San Jose Mercury News'' (Nov. 13, 2008)

#{{note|governator1}}Michael Rothfeld and Tony Barboza, [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/politics/cal/la-me-protest10-2008nov10,0,4429002.story Schwarzenegger tells backers of gay marriage: Don't give up], ''Los Angeles Times'' (Nov. 10, 2008)
#{{note|petition1}}[http://familyleader.info/petitions/petition_5.php Proposition 8: Governor Schwarzenegger Respect the Voter's Will] (Nov. 17, 2008)
#{{note|bass1}}Aurelio Rojas, [http://www.sacbee.com/749/story/1411519.html Proposition 8 hostility 'got out of hand,' Assembly speaker says], ''Sacramento Bee'' (Nov. 19, 2008)

#{{note|antidefamation1}}[http://mormontimes.com/people_news/church_news/?id=5115 LDS Church issues new Prop. 8 overview], ''MormonTimes'' (Nov. 21, 2008)

#{{note|afapetition}}American Family Association, [http://www.afa.net/prop8thanks/ A petition of appreciation for the Mormons support of Prop 8] (Nov. 27, 2008)
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[[fr:Latter-day Saints and California Proposition 8/Post-Election Events]]

Reformed Egyptian and the Book of Mormon

2011-05-16T18:17:48Z

RichardRobbins: /* {{Criticism label}} */

Question: Did the First Presidency identify the New York "Hill Cumorah" as the site of the Nephite final battles?

2011-05-16T18:11:10Z

RichardRobbins: /* {{Conclusion label}} */

Book of Mormon/Translation/Anthon transcript

2011-05-16T18:04:51Z

RichardRobbins: /* {{Question label}} */

Book of Mormon/Language/"Adieu"

2011-05-16T18:01:53Z

RichardRobbins: /* {{Criticism label}} */

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=={{Criticism label}}==
{{s||Jacob|7|27}} ends with the phrase, "Brethren, adieu." Critics claim that because ''adieu'' is French, it shows that Joseph Smith composed the [http://mormon.org/book-of-mormon/ Book of Mormon], and not an ancient author.

{{CriticalSources}}

=={{Subarticles label}}==
{{SummaryItem
|link=Book of Mormon/Anachronisms/"Adieu"/Further examples
|subject=Further examples of the use of "adieu" in English
|summary=
}}

=={{Response label}}==

There are at least three problems with the ''adieu'' argument against the Book of Mormon.

# Critics often overlook the fact that the word ''adieu'' was not on the plates.
# The translator of a work can use words from any language he chooses in order to convey the meaning of the text to his readers, so that even if ''adieu'' had been a foreign word (e.g., French) to Joseph Smith, there is nothing either unusual or problematic with his choosing that word in his translation.
# Critics mistakenly think the word ''adieu'' is not an English word.

===Neither English nor French was on the plates===

The English Book of Mormon is a ''translation''. This means that it is no more likely that the word ''adieu'' appeared on the plates than did the words ''yea'', ''beginning'', or ''sword''. Except for proper nouns and a few other possibly transliterated nouns, no word that appears in the English version of the Book of Mormon can be said to have been on the ancient Nephite plates. Similarly, the phrase "and it came to pass" never appeared anywhere on the Nephite plates. Whatever character, word, or phrase that had been engraved on the plates was translated by Joseph Smith into what he felt was an approximate equivalent in English.

Despite the fact that the word ''adieu'' appears in the English translation of the Book of Mormon, the word ''adieu'' was certainly not known to any Book of Mormon writer, the word ''adieu'' was never used by any Book of Mormon writer, and the word ''adieu'' did not appear anywhere on the Nephite plates.

===A translation can legitimately use words from many languages===

The goal of a translation is to take a text written in one language and to make it understandable to someone who does not understand that language. Anyone who has had the need to translate knows that frequently there is no way to convey all of the meanings, nuances, and subtleties of the original text in the new language. Translators are free to select words and phrases that they feel best convey the original meaning and will best be understood by the readers of the translation.

For example, it would be perfectly acceptable for a translation from Japanese to English to include the non-English phrases ''ad hoc'', ''hoi polloi'', or ''savoir faire'' if those phrases seem to properly convey the original meaning and if the translator believes that readers will understand them.

''Adieu'' is Joseph's translation of a concept expressed by Jacob. ''Adieu'' implies "farewell until we meet with God," a fitting finale to Jacob's testimony and writing.

The appearance of non-English words (if there are any) in the Book of Mormon has absolutely no bearing on whether the Book of Mormon is authentic or whether the translation was properly done, and the presence of non-English words in the translated text would not imply that those non-English words appeared in the original text on the Nephite plates.

==''Adieu'' is an English word==

There is a common misunderstanding among some critics of the Book of Mormon that the word ''adieu'' is not an English word. This is not true. The problem stems from the fact that ''adieu'' is both an English word and a French word, and most English speakers are more familiar with its use in a French context.

''Adieu'' is a perfectly good English word that has appeared in English dictionaries, English literature, and in common English usage from long before Joseph Smith to the present. ''Adieu'' entered the English language in the 14th century. It entered from Middle French, not modern French, and it has been part of English for approximately 800 years. ''Adieu'' has been part of the English language longer than the word ''banquet,'' which is also a word in modern French, but ''banquet'' entered the English language only in the 15th century. ''Adieu'' is no less English than ''commence'', ''nation'', ''psychology'', ''Bible'', ''vision'', or any other word that can be traced back to Latin, Greek, German, French, Spanish, or any other language.

The presence of ''adieu'' is no more a challenge to the historicity and authenticity of the Book of Mormon than the 36 uses of ''banquet'' in the NIV is a challenge to the historicity and authenticity of the Bible.

===French at the time of Christ?===

In 1737, William Whiston (1667-1752) produced a translation of ''The Life of Flavius Josephus'', written by a Jew born in Jerusalem in A.D. 37. Whiston's translation reads, in part:

:Thus have I set down the genealog of my family as I have found it described in the public records, and so bid adieu to those who calumniate me...{{link|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext01/lfjos10.txt}}

Presumably, the critics would have us believe that Whiston is claiming that Josephus, a first century Jew, spoke French (a language not yet invented) because he uses the term ''adieu''?

===Mark Twain===
Consider the following letter written by Mark Twain on Nov. 20, 1905. Samuel Clemens was certainly not French!
<blockquote>
J. H. Todd
1212 Webster Street
San Francisco, Cal.
 
Dear Sir,
 
Your letter is an insoluble puzzle to me. The handwriting is good & exhibits considerable character, & there are even traces of intelligence in what you say, yet the letter and the accompanying advertisements profess to be the work of the same hand. The person who wrote the advertisements is without doubt the most ignorant person now alive on the planet; also without doubt he is an idiot, an idiot of the 33rd degree, & scion of an ancestral procession of idiots stretching back to the Missing Link. It puzzles me to make out how the same hand could have constructed your letter & your advertisements. Puzzles fret me, puzzles annoy me, puzzles exasperate me; & always, for a moment, they arouse in me an unkind state of mind toward the person who has puzzled me. A few moments from now my resentment will have faded & passed & I shall probably even be praying for you; but while there is yet time I hasten to wish that you may take a dose of your own poison by mistake, & enter swiftly into the damnation which you & all other patent medicine assassins have so remorselessly earned & do so richly deserve.
 
Adieu, adieu, adieu ! 
Mark Twain
</blockquote>

===Chaucer===

Geoffrey Chaucer, often regarded as the father of English literature, used ''adieu'' around 1374:

:And said, he wold in trouthe alwey hym holde, And his adew [adieu] made ([http://books.google.ca/books?id=B3ooAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA94&lpg=PA94&dq=%22And+his+adew+made%22&source=bl&ots=n-9kFHKyLu&sig=T-u_Ir_9CaGNB0xtp6vkHNF5Mh0&hl=en&ei=ODpESqawMoSasgOc1uTRDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4 ''Troilus and Criseyde''] 2:1084).

====Shakespeare====
William Shakespeare is nothing if not an English writer. He uses ''adieu'' frequently in his plays:

;Hamlet, Act 1, Scene 5:GHOST:Adieu, adieu! Hamlet, remember me.{{link|url=http://www-tech.mit.edu/Shakespeare/hamlet/hamlet.1.5.html}}
;The Merchant of Venice, Act 2, Scene 3: LAUNCELOT Adieu! tears exhibit my tongue. Most beautiful/ pagan, most sweet Jew!{{link|url=http://www-tech.mit.edu/Shakespeare/merchant/merchant.2.3.html}}
;Romeo and Juliet, Act 3, Scene 5: ROMEO: Dry sorrow drinks our blood. Adieu, adieu!{{link|url=http://www-tech.mit.edu/Shakespeare/romeo_juliet/romeo_juliet.3.5.html}}
;The Merry Wives of Windsor, Act 2, Scene 1: NYM: Adieu. I love not the humour of bread and cheese,/ and there's the humour of it. Adieu.

There are over a hundred other examples.{{link|url=http://www.google.ca/search?as_q=adieu&num=10&hl=en&btnG=Google+Search&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&lr=&as_ft=i&as_filetype=&as_qdr=all&as_occt=any&as_dt=i&as_sitesearch=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-tech.mit.edu%2F&safe=images}}

====The Declaration of Independence====
[[Image:Declar_independ_rough_p4.JPG |left|frame|A segment of the fourth page of Thomas Jefferson's rough draft of the Declaration of Independence (original in Library of Congress). The red line indicates where Jefferson has written "everlasting Adieu," which he later struck out and replaced with the text underlined in green, "eternal separation." [http://www.princeton.edu/~tjpapers/declaration/declaration4.gif *]]]

Thomas Jefferson's original draft of the Declaration of Independence read, in part (beginning shown in image by blue underline):
:...be it so, since they will have it: the road to glory & happiness is open to us too; we will climb it in a separate state, and acquiesce in the necessity which pronounces our everlasting Adieu!{{ref|jefferson1}}

Jefferson later crossed out "everlasting Adieu," and replaced it with "eternal separation."{{ref|jefferson2}}

====Dictionaries====
Noah [http://65.66.134.201/cgi-bin/webster/webster.exe?search_for_texts_web1828=adieu Webster's] 1828 American dictionary demonstrates that ''adieu'' was perfectly good English the year prior to the Book of Mormon's translation:
<blockquote>
ADIEU', Adu'.
:Farewell; an expression of kind wishes at the parting of friends.
ADIEU', n. A farewell, or commendation to the care of God; as an everlasting adieu.
</blockquote>

It should be noted that the word ''adieu'' appears in nearly every modern English dictionary, and that although its etymology may be listed as being from Middle French, the word itself is not indicated as being a non-English word.

====John and Charles Wesley====

The Wesley brothers, founders of Methodism, used ''adieu'' in some of their hymns:
;Hymn 285: I'll bid this world of noise and show/ With all its glittering snares, adieu! {{link|url=http://www.ccel.org/w/wesley/hymn/jwg02/jwg0285.html}}
;Hymn 809: VAIN, delusive world, adieu...{{link|url=http://www.ccel.org/w/wesley/hymn/jwg08/jwg0809.html}}{{ref|wesley1}}

Furthermore, John Wesley was fond of ''adieu'', using it many times in his personal letters. A few examples follow; more are available{{link|url=http://www.google.com/custom?q=adieu&btnG=Search&safe=vss&cof=GL%3A0%3BT%3A%23000000%3BLC%3A%230000FF%3B&domains=wesley.nnu.edu&sitesearch=wesley.nnu.edu}}
;5 January 1763 to Charles Wesley:"We join in love to you both. My wife gains ground. She is quite peaceable and loving to all. Adieu!"{{link|url=http://wesley.nnu.edu/john_wesley/letters/1763.htm}}
;17 May 1742 to Charles Wesley:Let all the brethren pray for me. Adieu!{{link|url=http://wesley.nnu.edu/john_wesley/letters/1742.htm}}
;15 December 1772 to Charles Wesley:My love to all. Adieu!{{link|url=http://wesley.nnu.edu/john_wesley/letters/1772b.htm}}
; 16 December 1772 to Mrs. Bennis:My dear sister, adieu{{link|url=http://wesley.nnu.edu/john_wesley/letters/1772b.htm}}

====Irenaeus - French in the 1st Century?====

Speaking after quoting {{s||Deuteronomy|33|9}}, the early Christian author Irenaeus (A.D. 115–202) had ''his'' ancient writings translated as follows:

:But who are they that have left father and mother, and have said adieu to all their neighbours, on account of the word of God and His covenant, unless the disciples of the Lord?{{ref|irenaeus1}}

Is this a legitimate translation, or was Irenaeus non-existent and the translator a fraud for using "adieu"?

====Other English authors====

The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' lists a variety of English authors who have used "adieu" in its various senses:

*1413 LYDG. ''Pylgr. Sowle'' II. lxv. (1859) 59, I bad hym adyeu.
*1513 DOUGLAS ''Æneis'' I. vi. 174 Thus he repreuis, bot sche is went adew.
*1575 CHURCHYARD ''Chippes'' (1817) 151 And set the world agoing once adue It is mutch like a streame that hath no stay.
*1592 WARNER ''Albion's Eng.'' VIII. xl. (1612) 196 Their eies..now looke their last adew.
*1602 CAREW ''Cornwall'' 111a, Shepherd adiews his swymming flocke, The Hinde his whelmed haruest hope.
*1624 H. SMITH 6 ''Serm.'' 11 Bid conscience adiewe. 1771 Junius ''Lett.'' xlii. 221 The king..bids adieu to amicable negociation.
*1653 A. WILSON ''James I'', 251 The Queen spoke her own Adieu in French.
*1702 POPE ''Sappho'' 111 Sure 'twas not much to bid one kind adieu.
*c1815 JANE AUSTEN ''Northang. Abb.'' (1833) I. xv. 98 His adieus were not long.
*1818 SCOTT ''Hrt. Midl.'' (1873) 119 The old man arose and bid them adieu.
*1855 TENNYSON ''Daisy'' 85 What more? we took our last adieu.

{{SeeAlso|/Further examples|l1=Additional examples of the use of the word "adieu"}}

==Use Among LDS Members==
[[Image:Emma_hymn_book_2.jpg |right|frame|Index page from the 1835 book of hymns chosen by Emma Smith for use in the Church. Original from BYU library.{{link|url=http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cgi-bin/docitemview.exe?CISOROOT=/NCMP1820-1846&CISOPTR=533}}]]

Closer to home, hymn #52 (penned by a non-LDS author) was collected by Emma Smith for the use of the Church. In this hymn, ''adieu'' is used twice in the first line:

:Adieu, my dear brethren adieu,
:Reluctant we give you the hand,
:No more to assemble with you,
:Till we on mount Zion shall stand.{{ref|hymn1}}

Clearly, this was a word familiar to Joseph and his contemporaries. The Church's ''Times and Seasons'' periodical used the word 19 times.

====Use Among Non-LDS Contemporaries====

Emma Smith's second husband, Lewis Bidamon, was certainly not LDS. His letters reveal that his spelling is not terribly sophisticated. Yet, even he was very comfortable using the phrase "adieu," as in this letter to Emma:

:''Adeau'', dear Emma, for the present. Give my warmest affections to the children and all inquireing friends, and curses to my enmeys!{{ref|bidamon1}}

(''For further examples of 19th century use of the word, see [[/Further examples|here]]).

=={{Conclusion label}}==
''Adieu'' is simply one English word among many in the Book of Mormon translation. It was in common use among Latter-day Saints and others in Joseph's era. Critics hope to cause confusion simply because the word's French associations are more familiar to the general reader and because the critics can misrepresent the nature of translated works to people who don't carefully consider what the critics are asserting. In the final analysis, the presence of the word "adieu" in the English translation of the Book of Mormon cannot be construed to indicate anything beyond the fact that Jacob intended to communicate "farewell forever, or until we meet God."

'''''Compare:''''' Jerald and Sandra Tanner have a variant on this old anti-Mormon favorite, complaining about [[Book_of_Mormon_anachronisms/Greek_words|"Greek words" like "alpha and omega"]]. The same special pleading and question-begging occurs there.

=={{Endnotes label}}==
#{{note|jefferson1}} Thomas Jefferson, "original Rough draght," ''The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 1:1760-1776'' (Princeton University Press, 1950), 423–428. {{link|url=http://www.princeton.edu/~tjpapers/declaration/declaration.html}}
#{{note|jefferson2}} Editorial Note, "Jefferson's 'original Rough draught,' of the Declaration of Independence," (Princeton University Press, 2004), 6, footnote 16. {{link|url=http://www.princeton.edu/~tjpapers/declaration/declaration.html}}
#{{note|wesley1}} John Wesley, ''A Collection of Hymns for the Use of the People Called Methodists'' (London: Wesleyan-Methodist Book Room, 1889 [1780]), #285, #809.
#{{note|irenaeus1}} {{Anf1|author=Irenaeus|article=Against Heresies|citation=book 4 chap. 8|vol=1|start=471}}
#{{note|hymn1}}Emma Smith, ''A Collection of Sacred Hymns, for the Church of the Latter Day Saints'' Hymn 52, (Kirtland, Ohio: F. G. Williams & co., 1835), 68.
#{{note|bidamon1}} Lewis Bidamon to Emma Smith Bidamon, 20 April 1850, RLDS Archives; cited in {{ME2_1|start=257}} Spelling as original, italics added.

==Best articles to read next==
{{LearnMore}}
#"How is it that the Book of Mormon prophet Jacob ends his account with the French word 'adieu'?", ''farms.byu.edu'' (accessed 14 June 2006).{{link|url=http://farms.byu.edu/questionday.php?id=1 }}
#Jeff Lindsay, "Why does the Book of Jacob end with a French word?", ''lightplanet.com'' (accessed 14 June 2006).{{link|url=http://www.lightplanet.com/mormons/response/qa/bom_french.htm}}
#{{Ensign1|author=Edward J. Brandt|article=Why are the words ''adieu, bible,'' and ''baptize'' in the Book of Mormon? These words weren't known in Book of Mormon times|date=October 1985|start=17}} {{link|url=http://library.lds.org/library/lpext.dll/ArchMagazines/Ensign/1985.htm/ensign%20october%201985%20.htm/i%20have%20a%20question.htm?fn=document-frame.htm&f=templates&2.0#LPTOC1}}

=={{Further reading label}}==

==={{FAIR wiki articles label}}===
{{Book_of_Mormon_Anachronisms}}
==={{FAIR web site label}}===
*{{Tg|topic=Book of Mormon Textual Issues|url=http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai111.html}}

==={{External links label}}===
*"How is it that the Book of Mormon prophet Jacob ends his account with the French word 'adieu'?", ''farms.byu.edu'' (accessed 14 June 2006).{{link|url=http://farms.byu.edu/questionday.php?id=1 }}
*Jeff Lindsay, "Why does the Book of Jacob end with a French word?", ''lightplanet.com'' (accessed 14 June 2006).{{link|url=http://www.lightplanet.com/mormons/response/qa/bom_french.htm}}
*{{Ensign1|author=Edward J. Brandt|article=Why are the words ''adieu, bible,'' and ''baptize'' in the Book of Mormon? These words weren't known in Book of Mormon times|date=October 1985|start=17}} {{link|url=http://library.lds.org/library/lpext.dll/ArchMagazines/Ensign/1985.htm/ensign%20october%201985%20.htm/i%20have%20a%20question.htm?fn=document-frame.htm&f=templates&2.0#LPTOC1}}

==={{Printed material label}}===
*{{revisited1|author=Daniel C. Peterson|article=Is the Book of Mormon True? Notes on the Debate|start=Chapter 6}} {{GL1|url=http://gospelink.com/library/doc?doc%5fid=264962}}

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